(英语)英语阅读理解练习题及答案含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the \"Gaokao\" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students who complete the \"National Higher Education Entrance Examination\or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.

Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held across China in early June. Students are tested in Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and social sciences or natural sciences.

University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: \"The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more than a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to Birmingham's wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by accepting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students to the University of Birmingham. \"

Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements.

Professor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said:\" The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous graduates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. \"

（1）What do Chinese students have to do to enter the University of Birmingham before 2019? A. Go through a foundation year.

B. Prepare Birmingham degree programmes. C. Acquire the right to permanent residency.

D. Score over 800% of the university's qualification examination. （2）Who is the announcement intended for?

A. The foreign students in China. B. All people living in the UK. C. The students of the UK. D. Chinese students.

（3）Which of the following best explains \"integral\" underlined in paragraph 3? A. Complete. B. Necessary. C. Indifferent. D. Unimportant. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A. The introduction to the \"Gaokao\" of China.

B. The history of the University of Birmingham. C. The high quality students accepted by top universities. D. The University of Birmingham's admission to Gaokao. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。 （1）细节理解题。第一段倒数第一句“with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.”可知在伯明翰大学承认高考成绩之前，中国学生需要进行一年的预科学习之后才能进入专业课程学习。故答案选A。

（2）推理判断题。第一段第一句“The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the \"Gaokao\" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019.”可知伯明翰大学的通告主要针对中国学生发布的。故答案选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段划线部分句子“We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community.”句意：我们欢迎来自世界各地的人们来伯明翰学习，中国学生是我们教育和研究领域不可或缺的一部分。可知integral意思为“不可或缺的”，故答案选B。

（4）主旨大意题。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。即伯明翰大学对高考成绩的承认，故答案选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

They have beaten us at chess, and now computers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test, which schoolchildren everywhere are suffering.

Alibaba said its artificial research outperformed mere mortals (凡人) in a global reading test that seeks answers to such pressing questions as \"what was Nikola Tesla's ethnicity?\" and \"how big is the Amazon rainforest?\"

Luo Si referred to the machines' victory as \"a milestone\". He said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquires-some of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天机器人) globally.

In the test, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to queries from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. The computers' answers were compared against average human responses and ranked.

Tying in top place were Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with ecommerce and--like its peers at home and abroad---is ploughing more funds into AI, much of it via its research arm.

While Microsoft and Alibaba won by the slimmest of margins---at accuracy levels a few basis points above humans' 82.3 per cent in providing exact matches to questions--the tie provided a fitting symbol of the AI arms race between the US and China.

China aims to use its vast troves (宝库)of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. AI is already being harnessed in everything from driverless cars to customising newsfeeds.

While China's drive is being spearheaded by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants including Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent to leap ahead of the US.

Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving. Tencent, which boasts just shy of 1 billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields. （1）What does Luo Si think of Al's performance in reading comprehension? A.He feels frightened at it. B.He has some doubts about it. C.He thinks highly of it. D.He considers it worth a try.

（2）How did the reading test carry on for Al? A.By allowing them to interact with humans. B.By asking them to answer questions. C.By giving them questions to analyze. D.By making them compete with chatbots.

（3）What does China depend on to lead in Al? A.The new industrial revolution.

B.The huge market of $150 billion industry investment.

C.Massive data from its 1.4 billion population and huge amounts of treasure. D.The cooperation between Chinese government and Microsoft. （4）In which field does Baidu do better than its rivals? A.The medical enquires. B.The customer service. C.Customer news feeds. D.The driverless cars. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能的发展。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“Luo Si referred to the machines' victory as ‘a milestone’. He

said the technology has many uses, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical enquires-some of which are already being handled by chatbots (聊天机器人) globally.”可知司罗把机器取得的这个胜利称为一个里程碑，称该技术有很多用途，从客户服务、博物馆讲解，到医疗查询，其中一些在全球范围已经由聊天机器人处理。他对人工智能评价很高，所以选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段“In the test, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to queries from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed reading comprehension. The computers' answers were compared against average human responses and ranked.”可知通过问问题，回答问题来检测人工智能，所以选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“China aims to use its vast troves （宝库）of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution.”可知中国力求利用来自其14亿人口（其中有7.3亿上网）的海量数据和雄厚财力，在创建被视为下一场工业的1500亿美元产业方面超越美国。故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving.”可知百度在无人驾驶汽车的 技术方面领先其他竞争对手，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

As a volunteer teacher, I moved into an apartment with eagerness. Sorting all the necessary paperwork out, I got ready to start my work. Great, or so I thought. At 4 a.m. and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awaken by the cock that lives opposite me. Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning.

In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend. Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.

As for the general Lack of equipment in the hose, there was no oven. tin opener, or sharp knives. It turns out making a vegetarian burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I'm not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out, I spent the fallowing 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.

Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I am learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils (用具).

（1）How did the author feel about her new life upon her arrival? A.She was nervous to kick off the new job. B.She was annoyed with the rude students. C.She was full of enthusiasm about her new life. D.She was satisfied with five alarm clocks in her room. （2）What was the trend in the following weeks? A.Her flat became dirtier. B.she developed disability. C.Things began to go wrong. D.More clothes needed mending.

（3）What happened when the author was making a burger? A.She suffered a big fire. B.She made a terrible mistake. C.She was seriously injured. D.She broke her phone accidentally.

（4）What can be inferred about the author from the end of the passage? A.She will go on living here. B.She will resign from her job. C.she will more into a new flat. D.She will buy new daily necessities. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，作者去西班牙的一个漂亮小岛上做英语老师，虽然拥有自己的公寓，可是里边的生活用具很老旧，给作者的生活带来了诸多不便。这让作者学会了如何利用有限的生活用品去生活。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“As a volunteer teacher, I moved into an apartment with eagerness. Sorting all the necessary paperwork out, I got ready to start my work. Great, or so I thought.”可知，作者怀着迫切心情搬进公寓，整理好各种文件做好开始工作的准备，心想一切还不错。所以作者刚到的时候是满怀热情的。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, shower, doors or glass shelves.”；以及“If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.”可知，接下来的几周作者所住的房子里东西每天损坏一件，不坏的东西要么脏了，要么找不到了，洗衣篮里都是虫子。据此可推知，事情开始出问题。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on Smoke soon started to appear.”可知，作者本来知道不能把

将金属烤架放进微波炉里，但是她还是这样做了，导致冒烟，发生了故障。据此可知，作者在做汉堡时犯了个错误。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ I am also learning how to adapt to life with limited， broken utensils(用具)”可知，作者还在学习如何利用有限的破旧的日常用品适应生活，因此推测她还会继续住在这里。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

A 2018 report found that food waste would increase by a third to 2. 1billion tons by 2030. Beyond the cost of the waste itself, thrown-away food generates a gas that contributes to climate change.

Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds, but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly.

Tailor-made meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients(烹饪原料)for chosen recipes, meaning leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste, buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumption, they won't overbuy and have less food waste. They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat.

Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper, they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.

However, study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero, they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if it's single-use and thrown away, which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused, if it's glass bottles, like in the old days, we can get some benefits. （1）What can we learn about home delivery meal kits? A.They can cut down on daily expenses.

B.They will totally solve the problem of food waste. C.They can keep energy consumption to a minimum. D.They will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.

（2）What does the underlined word \"fine-tune\" in paragraph 3 mean? A.Attach. B.Adjust. C.Raise. D.Compare.

（3）The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to__________.

A.reduce transport emissions B.save more food

C.shop only in the supermarket D.shorten car trip distances

（4）What's the author's attitude to meal kits? A.Supportive. B.Unfavorable. C.Objective. D.Indifferent. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，套餐可以减少食物浪费，但包装是个问题。家庭送餐包可以减少超过三分之二的食物浪费，但供应商需要改用可重复使用的包装，使其更加环保。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than two-thirds，”家庭送餐包可以减少三分之二的食物浪费。可以得知可利用的包装对环保有益。故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。第三段主要讲述量身定制餐会降低浪费。根据“They fine-tune the amount of food to what they will actually eat. ”人们可以根据将要吃多少来调整食物数量。可知选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段“Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.”可知餐盒可以减少对交通排放，运送卡车可以一次给小区很多人送餐饭，减少交通排放。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth.”可知研究表明外卖饭盒比超市买食物会耗费更多的能源；以及“But if the packaging can be reused，if it's glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get some benefits.”但是如果这些包装能够被再利用，对我们还是会有一些益处的。作者对饭盒的使用是客观的态度。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

When I was a child, our dining room had two kinds of chairs — two large ones with arm rests and four small ones without. The larger ones stood at the ends of the table, the smaller ones on the sides. Mom and Dad sat in the big chairs, except when one of us was away; then Mom would sit in one of the smaller chairs. Dad always sat at the end, at the \"head\" of the table. Sitting where he did, Dad was framed by the window through which the yard could be seen with its trees and grass. His chair was not just a place for him at table; it was a place in which he was situated against the yard and the trees. It was the holy(神圣的)and protected place that was his, and ours through him.

After Dad retired, he and Mom moved out into a small flat. When thy came to visit me at their old house, Dad still sat at the end of the table though the table was no longer his but mine. Only with my marriage to Barbara, did I hear a voice questioning the arrangement. She requested, gently but firmly, that I sit at the head of the table in our home. I realized then that I was head of the family, but I also felt unwilling to introduce such a change. How would I feel sitting in that \"head\" place in my Dad's presence? And how would he handle it? I was to find out on the occasion of our youngest child's first birthday.

Mom and Dad arrived for lunch, and went into the dining room. Dad moved toward his usual seat in front of the window. Before he could get around the side of the table, I took a deep breath and said, \"Dad, this is going to be your place, next to Mom, on the side.\" He stopped, looked at me and then sat down. I felt sad, and angry at Barbara for pushing me to do this. It would have been easy to say, \"My mistake, Dad. Sit where you always sit, \" But I didn't.

When he and Mom were seated, Barbara and I took our places. I don't know how Dad felt. I do know that, though removed from his usual place, he continued to share his best self with us, telling stories of his childhood and youth to the delight of his grandchildren. As I served the food, our lives experienced a change, which we continue to live with.

It wasn't easy, but I sense that there is also something good in the change which has occurred. I am beginning to learn that \"honoring one's father\" is more than the question of which place to occupy at the dining table. It also means listening, wherever we sit and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad longs to tell. We may then, during these magical moments, even be able to forget about whose chair is whose.

（1）Why did Dad always sit in the big chair at the end of the table before he retired? A.Because the chair was large enough for him.

B.Because sitting there he could see the trees and grass in the yard. C.Because it was the holy seat for the head of the family. D.Because the chair was comfortable with arm rests. （2）What do we know from the second paragraph? A.The writer's parents moved out because the house was too old. B.The writer didn't want to hurt his father’s feelings. C.The writer's wife was rude to his parents. D.The writer didn't dare to refuse his wife's request.

（3）Which of the following is true according to the passage? A.Dad felt upset after being removed from his usual place.

B.The writer was satisfied with the new seating arrangement. C.Dad continued to tell stories to cover his embarrassment. D.Dad didn't appear to mind where he sat. （4）What does the writer intend to tell us? A.Respecting Dad is more than the question of dining seat. B.It is not easy to go against parents' wishes. C.Think twice before you act. D.Every coin has two sides. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙，通过讲述作者和父亲餐厅座位的变化告诉我们尊重父母并不在于餐厅的座位，而是快乐相处。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“His chair was not just a place for him at table; it was a place in which he was situated against the yard and the trees. It was the holy(神圣的）and protected place that was his, and ours through him.”可知父亲的餐桌位置不仅是靠着院子和树林的地方，还是一个一家之主神圣和受保护的地方。所以为什么爸爸在退休前总是坐在桌子尽头的大椅子上是因为那是一家之主的圣座。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I realized then that I was head of the family, but I also felt unwilling to introduce such a change. How would I feel sitting in that \"head\" place in my Dad's presence? And how would he handle it?”可知作者成为一家之主后，不愿意占据父亲原来一家之主的神圣座位。所以判断出作者不想伤害父亲的感情。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Before he could get around the side of the table, I took a deep breath and said, ‘Dad, this is going to be your place, next to Mom, on the side.’He stopped, looked at me and then sat down.和第四段though removed from his usual place, he continued to share his best self with us, telling stories of his childhood and youth to the delight of his grandchildren.”可知作者让父亲坐在边上后，父亲似乎并没表现出介意坐在哪里，仍然和我们说笑，给孩子们讲他孩时和年轻时的故事。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I am beginning to learn that ‘honoring one's father’ is more than the question of which place to occupy at the dining table. It also means listening, wherever we sit and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad longs to tell We may then, during these magical moments, even be able to forget about whose chair is whose.”可知作者开始认识到“孝敬父亲”不仅仅是在餐桌上占据什么位置的问题。无论坐在哪里，无论坐什么位置，我们都会倾听爸爸渴望告诉我们的故事。所以作者想告诉我们“孝敬父亲”，不仅仅是在餐桌上占据什么位置的问题。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Regardless of how far we'd like to believe gender(性别) equality in the workplace has come, there's still a yawning gap between male and female leaders in the professional world. A 2018 statistic shows that women nowadays hold just 5.8 percent of CEOs positions at S&P 500 companies, according to Catalyst.

While it's not a huge shock that women are somewhat underrepresented in leadership positions, what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School. In their research，Professor yvind L. Martinsen and Professor Lars Glas surveyed (调查)2,900 managers with a special focus on personality types. The results were clear: Women scored higher than men in four of the five major leadership-centric categories.

While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women — this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.

There was one area in which men scored higher than women, though, and that was on emotional stability and ability to face job-related pressure and stress. The results suggest that women are more sensitive to the effects of high-pressure or highly emotional situations. Obviously，it's important to consider individual(个人的) differences. Anyone, regardless of gender, may be an inspiring leader and a competent boss. But next time you're hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.

（1）What makes us shocked much at leadership positions?

A. Women are worse than men. B. Men take almost all high positions. C. There is a huge gap between genders. D. Women might behave better in every field. （2）Which of the following can best replace the underlined word ''inherently” in paragraph 4? A. properly B. potentially C. naturally D. normally （3）Which of the following may be the best title of this text?

A. How We Can Figure Out The Boss. B. Why Women Are Better Than Men. C. Why Women Make The Best Bosses. D. How We Can Tell Gender Difference. （4）Who might have special interest in this article?

A. Job hunters. B. Employers. C. Employees. D. Male bosses. 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在工作领域男性领导人和女性领导人地位存在不平等现象，作者指出在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表现更好，倡议雇主在招聘领导岗位员工时应多考虑女性。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“what is surprising though, is the fact that females may actually be better suited to lead in almost every area, at least according to new findings from the BI Norwegian Business School.”可知让人惊讶的是，在领导位置上，女性可能在各个领域表

现更好。故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“While some people believe that men inherently make better leaders — probably because they picture a leader with a commanding voice, which is more typical of men than women”可知人们认为男性自然能成为更好的领导者，划线词是自然地。故选C。

(3)考查主旨大意。根据第四段中的“this piece of research suggests that women are better at methodical management and goal-setting, openness, sociability and supportiveness, as well as ability to communicate clearly.”可知本调了女性在管理层的地位，因此“为什么女性是最好的老板”符合题意。故选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But next time you're hiring for a management position, you just might want to give the resumes(简历) from female candidates a harder look.”下次你雇佣管理岗位员工时，得知雇主们会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

How much television do you watch? Did you really give an honest answer? A recent study shows that people aren't totally truthful about their television-watching habits.

The study in question was conducted at Ball State University in the US. Researchers there wanted to find out how much television people view according to their age. The study was paid for by a council associated with the Nielsen Company, which determines television ratings. The conclusions were that people spend more than 8 hours a day looking at a screen. This included cell phones and computers，but the majority were television screens.

There are three interesting things about this study. The first is that people are exposed to more than one hour of advertisements per day. The second is that even with access to DVDs and internet videos, television is still the most popular media source. The third is that the amount of screen-watching people do is relatively the same from the ages of 18-65.

So, if everyone is watching television, why lie about it? Well, if someone admits they watch television for five or six hours, they could be considered a couch potato. Michael Phillips, one of the study's main researchers, says, “There's a social stigma for people who watch too much television. Sometimes, however, watching the latest reality show or the funniest sitcom gives co-workers and friends fun things to talk about.”

Even if you do watch a lot of television, perhaps we can use this study as a reason to be honest with ourselves about how much time we spend in front of the television. I mean, after all, everyone else is doing it...

（1）Why do people lie about how much TV they watch?

A. Because the show they watched is not the latest. B. Because they may be laughed at by co-workers or friends.

C. Because they don't want others to know what they watched. D. Because there's something negative attached to watching too much TV.

（2）Which of the following is true according to the study?

A. The most popular media source is the internet. B. 18-year-olds watch more TV than someone in their 60s.

C. People are exposed to over than an hour of advertisement a day. D. Researchers say that people watch over 8 eight hours of television a week.

（3）How could people feel to be considered as a couch potato?

A. comfortable B. ashamed C. excited D. satisfied （4）What idea does the author mainly want to express with the article?

A. what the effects of watching TV are. B. how much television we should watch every day. C. there are some interesting facts of watching TV. D. people lie about how much television they watch. 【答案】（1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者分析了人们瞒报看电视的时间的原因。 (1)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“There's a social stigma for people who watch too much television. ”可知看太多电视，被认为不光彩，由此推知，看电视太多与消极的东西联系在一起，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The first is that people are exposed to more than one hour of advertisements per day.”可知人们每天被暴露在广告下的时间超过一小时，故选C。 (3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“There's a social stigma for people who watch too much television. ”可知看太多电视，被认为不光彩，由此推知当一个人被认为是一个成天看电视的人，他会感觉很羞耻，故选B。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据全文的主题句“A recent study shows that people aren't totally truthful about their television-watching habits.”可知这篇文章主要讲了人们瞒报看电视的时间，作者对其中的原因进行了分析，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Climbing Without Ropes

The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It's more accessible and better for the environment. What is bouldering? Bouldering is a sport that involves climbing on, over, and around boulders up to approximately twenty feet above the ground. Participants employ no safety ropes. Why boulder? •improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics Bouldering Terms •places to climb, such as crimp: a very small handhold climbing walls at gyms and foothold: a place where one may place a foot to aid in parks, easy to find •less time commitment to jug: a very large handhold that is easy to use bouldering than to mountain problem: The path up a boulder is referred to as the climbing •intellectual enjoyment problems Here is an example of a climber addressing a bouldering problem. Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even difficult than going up.

Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.

and as one solves “problem” that one must solve. The “solution” is the physical sequence of moves one makes up and over a boulder. climbing boulder

（1）According to the passage, bouldering ________. A. is an indoor sport B. has no safety protection C. needs maps and equipment D. is a steep cliff climbing （2）Bouldering becomes popular because ________. A. it challenges the limits B. it costs less C. it builds minds and bodies D. it is a team game （3）According to the example, the right route is ________.

A. a shortcut B. a dead end C. tough but to the top D. lined with jugs 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍没有安全绳的攀岩运动。登山者的流行形象是

用一根安全绳，一个人小心翼翼地爬上陡峭的悬崖，但这并不是唯一的一种。许多登山者现在都喜欢抱石。它更容易接近，也更适合环境。

(1)考查细节理解。根据What is bouldering?部分中的“Participants employ no safety ropes.”可知，bouldering没有安全感。故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据Why boulder?部分中的“improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics places to climb, such as climbing walls at gyms and parks, easy to find less time commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems”可知，Bouldering变得受欢迎是因为它建立了精神和身体上的快乐。故选C。

(3)考查细节理解。根据“Figure 2：The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.”可知，根据这个例子，右边的路线是艰难的，但能达到顶峰。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Exhibitions in the British Museum Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave

Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) is widely regarded as one of Japan's most famous and influential artists.He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90.This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusai's life—a time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces. 25 May—13 August 2017 Room 35

Adults￡12,Members/under 16s free

Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950

Drawn from the British Museum's rich collection,this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern eras—two halves of very different centuries. 23 February—27 August 2017 Room 90 Free, just drop in

Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia

This major exhibition explores the story of the Scythians—nomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare, who flourished between 900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks, Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lost—buried beneath the ice. 14 September 2017—14 January 2018 Room 30

Adults￡16.50,Members/under 16s free

Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift

This display is part of the Museum's contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture 2017.It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s. 19 July—3 September 2017 Room 90a Free,just drop in

（1）If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery, you will probably go to______. A. Room 35 B. Room 90 C. Room 30 D. Room 90a （2）Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017?

A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave. B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia. C. Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950. D. Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift.

（3）Where can we most probably find the passage? A. In a health report. B. In a story book. C. In a parenting magazine. D. In a tour guide. 【答案】（1）B （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的杰作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印度印刷文化。

（1）考查细节理解。根据 Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950部分中的“this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours”以及下段的“Room 90”可知，这幅作品是关于自然风光的，在90房间。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia部分中的“14 September 2017—14 January 2018”，可知在2017年十月份可以去参观“Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia”这幅作品。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导游杂志里。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Home from the Navy, I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. I'd been out of high school for four years, but my high school headmaster, Mr. Gardner, invited me to a Valentine's Day dance party at school. The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.

When Friday came, I cleaned up, dressed up and drove to the high school gym. I chatted with my teachers and approached Mr. Gardner to thank him before leaving. Just then, the band started playing and a young girl stood up to sing. One look at and I was crazy—I had never seen

such a beautiful girl!

I asked Mr. Gardner who she was, and he answered, “That's Marilyn Riley, Cut Riley's daughter.” I was shocked to say the least. They lived just around the corner from me. I walked across the gym floor to introduce myself, “Hi, I'm Jack Joseph.” “I know who you are,” was her not-too-friendly response.

“Would you like to dance?” I asked. “No! I'm working,” she shot back. “Can I call you next week for a movie date?” I asked. “No,” was her response.

For the next month I phoned, trying to set up a date. She always had the same answer: No. then one rainy afternoon in March as I was driving home after basketball practice, I saw Marilyn, walking with no umbrella, no raincoat, no hat. I pulled alongside her and asked if she needed a ride, half expecting her to say no. instead, she stepped over the roadside and sat down on the seat next to me. It was only a few blocks to her house, but after pulling into her driveway we talked for 45minutes. It was magic from then on. （1）Why did Jack decide to attend the party?

A. The party was hold to welcome him back home. B. Marilyn would be introduced to him at the party.

C. He could meet some of his former teachers there. D. They gathered there to celebrate Valentine's Day.

（2）What was the author's attitude towards the party?

A. Casual B. Formal C. Passive D. worried （3）We can infer from the text that __________.

A. Jack once served in the army after high school B. it took Jack 45 minutes to drive Marilyn home

C. Jack and Marilyn were familiar with each other D. it was Marilyn's cold attitude that interested Jack

（4）How would the story most probably develop in the end?

A. Marilyn would fall in love with Jack B. Jack would make great achievements in college C. Marilyn would become a famous singer D. Jack would have frequent conflicts with Marilyn 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）A （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在海军退役后参加情人聚会，在聚会上他见到了一个漂亮的女孩，于是开始追求那个女孩，但是被女孩拒绝了，有一天下大雨，作者送那个女孩回家，在路上他们聊了45分钟，作者认为那次送女孩回家是魔法的开始。 （1）考查细节理解。根据“The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.”想到能看到我以前的老师很令人兴奋。所以我同意了。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据“When Friday came, I cleaned up, dressed up and drove to the high school gym. ”星期五来的时候，我打扫干净，穿上衣服。因为作者在出发前认真地整理仪表，说明他把这一切当得很认真，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据“Home from the Navy, I started school at Greenville College in my

hometown of Illinois. ”我从海军回到家乡，在我的家乡伊利诺伊州的格林维尔学院上学。推断出我之前当过海军，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。，根据“It was magic from then on.”他认为这是魔法的开始，两个人可能坠入爱情河，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确掌握细节信息，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。